新闻动态

CPBRJL国家“一带一路“联合实验室《遗产研究国际动态》总第二十五期 The Heritage Spectator No.25.pdf

前沿研究

历史城市景观与大都市

大都市区正容纳着全球超过50%的城市人口，且这一比例仍在上升（联合国2018年）。每年约有20个城市成长为人口超过50万的大都市。我们可以将大都市视为21世纪人类聚居模式的主要特征，是人类文明的主导性人造产物。

当代人类聚居的挑战正在重塑大都市区，历史城市景观（HUL）方法为管理领土与文化/自然遗产提供了一种整体方法论。在对纪念碑、历史街区与文化景观进行保护之后，大都市应被视为遗产保护与提升的新尺度与新对象，作为21世纪的主要人造产物之一。它需要新的定义与管理工具，在世界遗产的国际框架下，适应于经历永久转型的大都市。

The Historic Urban Landscape and the Metropolis

Metropolitan areas are accommodating more than 50% of the urban population in the world and this rate increases (United Nations 2018). Each year 20 cities are reaching the size of a metropolitan area of more than 500,000 inhabitants. We can consider the metropolis as a main feature of the human settlement pattern, the dominant artefact of the humankind for the 21st century.

The contemporary challenges of human settlement are reshaping the metropolitan areas with the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach providing a holistic methodology for managing territories and cultural/natural heritage. After the protection of monuments, historic precincts and cultural landscapes, the metropolis should be considered as a new scale and object for heritage conservation and enhancement as one of the main artefacts of the 21st century. It requires new definitions and management tools in the international framework of the World Heritage, well adapted to a metropolis that is subject to permanent transformations.

资料来源：

Eric Huybrechts. 历史城市景观与大都市[J]. 建成遗产, 2018, 2: 20-30.

实践案例

阿尔瓦罗・西扎・维埃拉对埃武拉古城的致敬

埃武拉市在法西斯主义统治下停滞了 48 年，直到 1974年 4 月 25 日革命后，葡萄牙人民才开始思考与行动，改变这个僵化的世界。

法西斯政权未曾解决最贫困群体的住房短缺问题，因此即便尚未制定城市发展总体规划，也必须划定新的住房开发区。鉴于当时革命过渡期的紧迫性，市政总体规划的起草已刻不容缓。

时任联合人民联盟（APU）议员的建筑师豪尔赫・席尔瓦（Jorge Silva）坚决主张，若能邀请西扎・维埃拉（Siza Vieira）承接该项目，将是埃武拉市的莫大荣誉。他同时指出，西扎作为在葡萄牙已颇具声望的建筑师，绝不会接受将项目成本作为核心甄选标准的公开招标；唯有市议会全体成员发出的个人邀请，才有可能打动他。经过数小时辩论，市议会一致决定邀请阿尔瓦罗・西扎・维埃拉（Alvaro Siza Vieira）。议员豪尔赫・席尔瓦与维克多・桑托斯（社会党成员）专程前往波尔图发出邀请，西扎当即应允。

Siza Vieira's Homage to the City of Évora

The city of Évora stood still for 48 years of fascism and only after the revolution of April 25th, 1974, the Portuguese people started to think and act transforming that paralysed world.

There was still a significant shortage of housing to respond to the needs of the poorest populations, where no answer had been provided by the fascist leaders. It was therefore necessary to define a new area for housing development, even without having a master plan for urban development. It was not possible to wait for a Municipal Master Plan to be drafted due to the urgency created by the period of revolution which was being lived at that moment.

The architect Jorge Silva, who was then councillor of the APU, strongly stated his opinion that it would be a great honour to the city of Évora if Siza Vieira would accept this invitation. Naturally, he also alleged that Siza Vieira, an architect whose work was already well known in Portugal, would never accept a public tender where the cost of the project was a determinant factor in the selection criteria. Only a personal invitation issued by the whole Council could potentially expect to be accepted by him. After many hours of arguments, the Council decided, unanimously, to invite the architect Alvaro Siza Vieira. Councillors Jorge Silva and Vítor Santos (from the PS) went to Oporto to invite Siza who accepted immediately.

资料来源：

Molteni E. 阿尔瓦罗·西扎：埃武拉马拉盖拉街区[M]. 巴塞罗那：加泰罗尼亚理工大学出版社, 1997.

平台动态

本土化视角下的近代内陆城市转型与自主求索——以太原城市规划与建设为例（1881—1949）

近代化不仅对沿海城市影响深远，同样也深刻改变着内陆城市。文章以近代内陆城市太原为研究对象，从本土化视角阐释城市近代化转型和自主求索的方式。选取1881年张之洞任山西巡抚至1949年中华人民共和国成立这一时段，阐释太原城市规划建设的重要事件，探究在城市自主建设中体现的对儒家思想的坚守与外来文化的适应。通过与其他内陆城市的比较，认为近代太原的城市转型是时代的结果，但在不断地自主探索过程中，接续、传承、转译本土文化基因是其发展的根本动力，进一步讨论当局潜在的意识形态与本土营建之间的关联。

Transformation and Independent Exploration of Modern Inland Cities  from the Perspective of Localization:

Taking Taiyuan Urban Planning and Construction as an Example（1881—1949）

Modernization reshaped not only coastal but also inland cities. Focusing on Taiyuan from 1881, when ZHANG Zhidong became Shanxi governor, to 1949, this paper traces key planning and construction episodes to show how the city balanced Confucian values with foreign influences. Compared with peer inland cities, Taiyuan’s transformation was epoch-driven, yet its lasting impetus came from continually reinterpreting local culture through self-directed exploration. The study also examines the link between the authorities’ implicit ideology and indigenous building practice.

资料来源：

中国- 葡萄牙文化遗产保护科学“一带一路”联合实验室山西研究基地.

活动报道

第五届战争与和平遗产国际会议在立陶宛举行

2025年12月4日至5日，第五届“战争与和平中的遗产”国际会议在立陶宛考纳斯的维陶塔斯马格努斯大学召开。会议由维陶塔斯马格努斯大学法学院、公共传播系及维陶塔斯·卡沃利斯跨学科研究所和遗产国际研究所主办，并与罗马第三大学、麦吉尔大学航空航天法研究所、密西西比大学等机构合作举办。

本次会议旨在汇聚全球各地的遗产保护领域顶尖专家，通过促进直接对话与知识共享，探索遗产保护的创新路径。与会者围绕战争与和平时期的遗产保护、有形与无形遗产的界定、数字技术应用、气候适应性保护等议题展开了深入研讨，力求在战争与和平两种极端状态下深化对遗产本质的理解，推动建立更具语境敏感性的保护框架，并为应对冲突破坏、技术变革与环境威胁等多元挑战提供政策建议。同时，会议致力于搭建国家与民众之间的文化桥梁，通过庆祝文化多样性，增进对人类文明世界的深层理解，从而为维护和平、保障人权及实现可持续发展作出贡献。

The 5th Edition of the International Conference HERITAGE IN WAR AND PEACE HERITAGE Held in Lithuania

From December 4th to 5th, 2025, the 5th International Conference on "Heritage in War and Peace" was held at Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas, Lithuania. The conference was jointly hosted by the Faculty of Law, the Department of Public Communication, and the Vytautas Kavolis Interdisciplinary Institute of Vytautas Magnus University, as well as the International Institute for Heritage Research, and co-organized in collaboration with institutions such as Roma Tre University, the Institute of Air and Space Law at McGill University, and the University of Mississippi.

This conference aimed to bring together top experts in the field of heritage protection from around the world, and explore innovative paths for heritage protection by facilitating direct dialogue and knowledge sharing. Participants conducted in-depth discussions on topics such as heritage protection during war and peace, the definition of tangible and intangible heritage, the application of digital technologies, and climate-adaptive conservation. They strived to deepen the understanding of the essence of heritage under the two extreme states of war and peace, promote the establishment of a more context-sensitive protection framework, and provide policy recommendations for addressing multiple challenges such as conflict damage, technological changes, and environmental threats. At the same time, the conference was committed to building cultural bridges between nations and peoples, enhancing the in-depth understanding of the world of human civilization through celebrating cultural diversity, thereby contributing to safeguarding peace, protecting human rights, and achieving sustainable development.

2025年ACCU奈良国际文化遗产会议

2025年12月17日至18日，“考古遗址及其真实性的保护与阐释：基于亚洲多元实践与理念的‘复原’路径”学术会议在日本奈良召开。会议由日本政府文化厅（Bunkacho）、联合国教科文组织亚太文化中心文化遗产保护合作办事处（ACCU Nara）主办，并得到国际文化遗产保护与修复研究中心（ICCROM）、日本国立文化财机构等多家单位的协作与支持。

本次会议旨在为亚洲各国分享考古遗址复原与发展举措提供一个平台，从实践角度探讨复原非现存建筑的意义，以及如何开发缺乏可见遗存的考古遗址等更广泛问题。会议希望通过促进区域内理论与实践经验交流，为相关领域的决策和政策制定提供具体见解。值得一提的是，2025年7月，西夏陵被列入《世界遗产名录》，成为中国第60项世界遗产，也是亚洲考古遗址保护实践的重要里程碑。

2025 ACCU Nara International Conference on Cultural Heritage

From December 17th to 18th, 2025, the academic conference titled "Protection and Interpretation of Archaeological Sites and Their Authenticity: 'Restoration' Pathways Based on Diverse Asian Practices and Concepts" was held in Nara, Japan. The conference was hosted by the Agency for Cultural Affairs of the Japanese Government (Bunkacho) and the UNESCO Asia-Pacific Centre for Cultural Heritage Conservation Cooperation Office in Nara (ACCU Nara), with collaboration and support from multiple institutions including the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM) and the National Institutes for Cultural Heritage of Japan.

This conference aimed to provide a platform for Asian countries to share initiatives related to the restoration and development of archaeological sites, exploring the significance of restoring non-extant buildings from a practical perspective, as well as broader issues such as how to develop archaeological sites lacking visible remains. It sought to offer concrete insights for decision-making and policy formulation in relevant fields by facilitating the exchange of regional theoretical and practical experiences. Notably, in July 2025, the Xixia Mausoleums were inscribed on the World Heritage List as China's 60th World Heritage property, marking a significant milestone for archaeological site preservation practices in Asia.

亚洲文化遗产保护联盟第二届大会在重庆召开

2025年11月27日，亚洲文化遗产保护联盟（ACHA）第二次全体会议暨第三次理事会在重庆召开，来自33个国家和国际组织的代表齐聚一堂，共商亚洲文化遗产保护的未来。

20多个国家支持《重庆共识》，认可亚洲文化遗产保护联盟是重要的区域平台，汇聚了参与国的知识与力量，旨在促进更加和谐、繁荣和可持续的亚洲命运共同体。与会代表一致认为，深化区域合作、保护亚洲文化遗产，将为文明间的文化交流与互学互鉴作出有意义的贡献。

2nd General Assembly of ACHA Held in Chongqing

On November 27th, 2025, the Second General Assembly and Third Council Meeting of the Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia (ACHA) convened in Chongqing, bringing together representatives from 33 countries and international organizations to discuss the  future of cultural heritage conservation across Asia.

More than 20 countries endorsed the Chongqing Consensus, recognizing ACHA as a vital regional platform that brings together the knowledge and strengths of participating nations to promote a more harmonious, prosperous, and sustainable Asian community of shared future. Delegates agreed that deepening regional cooperation and protecting Asia's cultural heritage will contribute meaningfully to cultural exchange and mutual learning among civilizations.

资料来源：

https://ki.vdu.lt/en/renginys/the-5th-edition-of-the-international-conference-heritage-in-war-and-peace-heritage/

https://www.whitr-ap.org/index.php?classid=1509&newsid=3921&t=show

https://us.acrofan.com/detail.php?number=1001711